Tboung Khmum Province is bordered with Kampong Cham to the East, Vietnam to the West, Prey Veng to the South and Kratie the North. The province is subdivided into 6 Districts and 1 City, which are further subdivided into 14 Communes (Khum), 2 Sangkats and 873 Villages (Phum).
| No | Code | Name in Khmer | Name in English | Commune | Sangkat | Village |
| 01 | 2501 |
តំបែរ |
Dambae |
7 | 0 | 83 |
| 02 | 2502 |
ក្រូចឆ្មារ |
Krouch Chhmar |
12 | 0 | 77 |
| 03 | 2503 |
មេមត់ |
Memot |
14 | 0 | 180 |
| 04 | 2504 |
អូររាំងឪ |
Ou Reang Ov |
7 | 0 | 142 |
| 05 | 2505 |
ពញាក្រែក |
Ponhea Kraek |
8 | 0 | 150 |
| 06 | 2506 |
ក្រុងសួង |
Suong City |
0 | 2 | 30 |
| 07 | 2507 |
ត្បូងឃ្មុំ |
Tboung Khmum |
14 | 0 | 211 |